INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: “I WAS ALWAYS A UNION MAN”: AFRICAN-AMERICAN LOYALTY AND COMMUNITY IN HISTORIOGRAPHY 9 CHAPTER 2: “I NEVER DID ANYTHING TO HELP THE REBELS”: NETWORKS OF RESISTANCE 22 CHAPTER 3: “MY FAMILY WERE ALL FOR THE UNION”: LOYALTY AND KINSHIP 33 CHAPTER 4: “MOST ALL OF THE COLORED MEN WERE LOYAL”: NETWORKS IN BLACK AND WHITE 49 EPILOGUE 70 APPENDIX 1: NETWORKS 76 FIGURE 1. CHARLES CITY COUNTY FIGURE 2. HENRICO COUNTY FIGURE 3. NANSEMOND COUNTY FIGURE 4. NEW KENT COUNTY APPENDIX 2: TABLE 1 80 BIBLIOGRAPHY 81